The rural urban migration syndrome has eaten deep into the fabric of rural development in south africa, thereby denying rural dwellers equitable access to. Pdf an overview of ruralurban migration in south africa. This paper examines why hundreds of thousands of young men and women abandon the countryside and migrate to the cities in search of white collar jobs and the multiplier effects of this on agricultural production in rural nigeria. The situation has worsened with the obvious disparity in access to modern facilities and living standards between rural areas and the urban centres in the country. This study assessed the consequences of ruralurban migration on the source region of ughievwen clan in ughelli south local government area. Even though it has been the focus of abundant research over the past five decades, some key policy questions have not found clear answers yet. Urbanization, urban poverty, slum and sustainable urban. Rural urban transformations in the developing countries babalola, daniel olatunde department of architecture, school of environmental sciences, college of science and technology, covenant university canaan land ota, nigeria abstract. Exploring the factors of the nexus in nigeria godwin o. Causes and effects of graduate unemployment on the nigerian. Okeowo school of agriculture, lagos state polytechnic, ikorodu, nigeria abstract the study was conducted to examine the effect of rural urban migration on labour supply in. Delta state university, asaba, delta state, nigeria.
This is because the mass exodus of people from the overpopulated areas of igboland has been one of the most spectacular phenomena of the 20th century in nigeria 38. In most instance, it has resulted in rural depopulation, a greying of rural. Good things about a place that makes people want to move there. The movement of people from rural areas to urban areas. Migration is a social process that has occurred almost at every epoch of life. Data were obtained using mixed methods approach comprising questionnaire surveys and key.
Migration whether rural urban or rural rural is regarded as a. Pdf consequences of ruralurban migration on the source region. Assessment of benefits associated with ruralurban migration. May 29, 2015 migration from rural to urban areas in west african countries is still a maledominated decision, especially for married women. Considering the consequences of migration is of equal importance as those of the causes of migration. Therefore, the migration of youths from rural areas to cities in search of better life, is taking away the potential youths who are capable of developing the rural areas. In nigeria, most migrants coming from a particular. This gap therefore necessitates this study which impact of migration on food security, social and environmental life, employment and education. Rural urban migration has long been recognized as one of the main problems of rural development in nigeria. Migration between rural and urban areas in nigeria has had a significant impact on both the rural. A case study of egor local government area of edo state abstract rural urban migration is detrimental to economic development in nigeria.
The causes of ruralurban migration are examined in detail. Trends of rural urban migration in nigeria isah mohammed abbass, phd department of political science, ahmadu bello university, zaria, nigeria abstract given the tremendous explosions of urban settlements and the decadence of rural areas during the past two or three decades. The propensity to migrate from the rural areas to urban areas is presently high in west africa, as a result of multifarious reasons. As the study found, internal migration in nigeria presents a rather curious but complex trajectory, which involved rural. Urbanization means the share of urban population in the total population of a country. Rural areas are a key sector in every nations economy and their rapid development and modernization have gained the attention of policy makers and governments all over the world. Pdf ruralurban migration and agricultural development. Effects of ruralurban migration on the rural development. Pdf migration is the movement of people from one place to another which could either be permanent or temporal. A key determinant of migration is the income differential between rural and urban.
Introduction of rural management as a strategy for reducing rural urban. Urbanisation an increasing proportion of people living in towns and cities. According to the world bank, in 1960 85% of nigerians lived in rural areas. A means of combating ruralurban migration in nigeria rural areas are a key sector in every nations economy and their rapid development and modernization have gained the attention of policy makers and governments all over the world. The natural history of migration must start with the process that causes migrants to move, and then continue to the expected ends or outcome light,2004. Abstract the migration of labor from rural to urban areas is an important part of the urbanization process in developing countries. Rural out migration is important in the igbo speaking areas of southeastern nigeria. A brief note on the condition of rural areas in nigeria.
In nigeria, the atlantic slave trade of 1500ad was a period of forced movement. It is indisputable that there has always been a sharp distinction between urban and rural living. First, urbanisation is the net result of complex migratory movements between rural and urban areas, including circular migration back and forth. The study examined the factors influencing youth rural urban migration in some purposively selected local government areas of sokoto state, nigeria, due to abundance of youth that ever migrated to the cities. Trends of ruralurban migration in nigeria pdf paperity. The study assessed rural farmers and migrants responses. Fifth urban symposium 2009 3 many opportunities and as such very attractive to the migrant populace from the rural divide. Nigeria states parties to united nations legal instruments year ratified. The basic thesis is that rural urban migration is a rational response to devel.
The federal government of nigeria is entirely responsible for. The consequences of largescale movement of population are usually considered in terms of the problems posed by the depopulation of rural areas and the problems created by a large incidence of people into cities. Migration, rural urban, migration, brain drain, sustainable, economic, recovery, constraints and options. Rural africa in motion food and agriculture organization of the.
Joint migration occurs within the family unit but it is more likely that women will be the followers of their husbands in the migration process. Rural urban migration and population problems in central. The inequality between the rural and urban areas in the provision of basic facilities is another major factor responsible for rural urban migration among the youths in nigeria. Infrasructure as a bane to rural urban migration in local government areas in nigeria vincent e. A hundred years ago, only 20 percent of the worlds population lived in urban areas, but the 20th century saw a dramatic shift that marks a turning point in history. Effect of ruralurban migration on agricultural production abstract this study examined the effect of rural urban migration on agricultural production in ukwuani local government area of delta state, nigeria. This paper will examine the causes of rural urban migration among youths in nigeria and its impact on agriculture and rural development. Relevant data were elicited from both the primary and secondary sources. The description is composed by our digital data assistant.
Abuja, the federal capital city and some of the new state capitals have also. Mar 17, 2016 socioeconomic impact of rural urban migration on the rural areas. Basically, the aftermath of such movement is manifold. Rural urban migration of the nigerian work populace and climate change.
This document was published for the federal government of nigeria by the international organization for migration iom with funding provided by the european union under the 10th european development fund programme on promoting better management of migration in nigeria. This study assessed the consequences of rural urban migration on the source region of ughievwen clan in ughelli south local government area. Advantages and disadvantages of rural and urban life. Opportunity and exploitation in urban labour markets pdf. Three hundred and ninety nine 399 copies of questionnaire were administered to the. Questionnaire was the main instrument for data collection. Early migrants, usually males, went to the city in search of job and. This paper examined the effects of rural urban migration on the rural communities of southeastern nigeria. This paper argues that urban unemployment in nigeria has been due largely to a failure on the part of the government to pursue policies that reflect commitment on its part to its stated objectives, particularly with regard to employment opportunities. This study examined management of rural urban migration and economic development in nigeria. Summary, conclusion, recommendation, introduction, references and appendix.
Therefore many people at some period of their life find themselves questioning the advantages of rural and urban life. In general, rural urban migration has a number of economic, social, cultural, mental and demographic impacts to both receiving and sending areas. Secondly, these ruralurban migrants execute various rural developmental projects in their rural areas of origin. This paper focuses on the process of rural urban migration and its influence on urbanization in developing countries. It presents arguments in support of the proposition that rural urban migration is an inevitable component of the development process, and does not.
Migration is considered as the movement of people from one geographical region to another, which may be on temporary or permanent basis. Perception of ruralurban migration in selected rural communities in ondo state, nigeria olayiwola o. Determination of socioeconomic factors influencing youth. The effects of ruralurban migration on rural communities. Causes and consequences of migration in nigeria research. The paper will further recommend solutions to the problem.
The rural to urban migration began in earnest after independence in 1960. The process of ruralurban migration in developing countries. Many villagers would like to abandon their godforsaken place and to move to a big city. About 60% of urban population growth was due to natural increase while 40% resulted rural urban migration and population problems in central nigeriacharles b. Studies on migration in southeastern nigeria include an assessment of changes in urban rural. Baddru university of agriculture, abeokuta and university of lagos, lagos, nigeria summary the study examined the associated impact of migration and urban expansion in lagos.
The effects of ruralurban migration on rural communities of. Thus,the youth have a greater chance of deriving positive net returns from migration and therefore they migrate in search of a better life. Ruralurban migration and urban unemployment in nigeria. Mar 30, 2017 therefore, this study on rural development. A factor that leaves one with no choice but to leave ones current home, country or region. Rural urban migration is the movement of people from the countryside or villages to cities or towns. Chapter five of this effects of rural urban migration on the rural development in nigeria material is available, order and download full work chapter five of effects of rural urban migration on the rural development in nigeria contains. Data on urbanization and migration migration data portal. African urban population will continue to grow, with rural urban migration continuing to drive the urbanisation process. Burkina faso, kenya, nigeria, senegal, uganda, and south africa. Ruralurban migration of the maasai nomadic pastoralist youth and. Unegbu information resources management department, babcock business school babcock university, pmb 21244, ikeja lagos, nigeria abstract exodus of indigenes from their place of birth to the cities thereby congesting the cities led to this research. This is principally due to rural to urban migration which is.
According to the world bank, in 1960 85% of nigerians lived in rural. The socioeconomic impact of ruralurban migration on the. Rural urban migration is the norm in china and the global south, where it helps create what western researchers refer to as a rural or peri urban. As in other parts of africa, internal migration in nigeria is fuelled by a number of factors.
Jun 27, 2018 a hundred years ago, only 20 percent of the worlds population lived in urban areas, but the 20th century saw a dramatic shift that marks a turning point in history. As a strategy, for reducing rural urban migrations in nigeria, a case study of ishiehi local government area of ebonyi state, seek to identify rural development programmesprojects extent of rural urban migration and factors responsible for rural. Generally, given the ongoing migration of the better educated youths into urban unemployment and underemployment, a country like nigeria cannot take pride in the higher rates of economic growth being recorded since the onset of the. Nonindigenes were able to give information on the rural urban migration in the areas because they had spent a relatively long period about 12 years in the study area. Rural urban migration in nigeria assumed prominence in the oil boom era of the early 1970s. Advantages and disadvantages of rural and urban life free. Rural urban migration occurs at varying rates in every country.
Though the migrationurbanization issue andor the increasing flow of people from rural to urban centers in nigeria is exacerbating and on the front burner of. Abstract this study was conducted to examine urbanrural migration in delta state, nigeria and its implication for extension service. Effects of rural urban migration on labour supply in cocoa. In recent years the rate of rural urban migration has become alarming as more people drift into the urban centres from the rural areas. Earlier in nigeria, men dominated in both rural to urban and global migration drifts, while women reunited with their husbands later. Urbanisation, ruralurban migration and urban poverty. This topic effects of rural urban migration on the rural development in umuahia north local government area has been considered as an avenue to know the rural development process in nigeria and its.
Rural management as a strategy for reducing rural urban. Urban growth towns and cities are expanding, covering a greater area of land. Ruralurban migration an overview sciencedirect topics. An inevitable and sometimes a desirable resultant effect of industrialisation population dynamics and demographic problems in places of origin and destination, poverty pressure on fragile urban infrastructure and possible environmental degradation, for most migrants are relatively poor and live together. Rapid urban growth has resulted in problems of urban congestion or over crowding, poor housing, poor environmental sanita tion, unemployment, crimes and other social vices which have come to characterise nigeria s. Though nigeria net migration rate fluctuated substantially in recent years, it tended to decrease through 1970 2015 period ending at 0. They are the socalled push and pull factors which can be seen as simultaneous analysis of factors that attract migrants to urban areas. As a strategy, for reducing rural a urban migrations in nigeria, a case study of ishiehi local government area of ebonyi state, seek to identify rural development programmesprojects extent of rural urban migration and factors responsible for rural urban migration in the study area. A country profile 200911 foreword over the past three years, the international organization for migration iom has prepared migration profiles for 32 countries in different parts of world, including eastern europe, the black sea region, south america and africa. There are different reasons that cause rural urban migration in nigeria. Rural urban migration is a reaction to some of the prevailing conditions in the rural areas. The specific objectives of the study were to establish the migrational trend in the study area. Thus, lead to rural urban migration where graduates look for greener pasture most especially to cities like lagos, abuja and portharcourt. Urbanization or urbanisation refers to the population shift from rural areas to urban areas, the.
Rural urban migration is the movement of people from the countryside to the city. Indeed, several factors combine to stimulate internal. Rural outmigration in nigeria data from the nationally representative 1993 migration and urbanization survey of. In most rural areas, the impact of ruralurban migration is a rapid deterioration of the rural economy leading to chronic poverty and food insecurity. Introduction nigeria is one of the most populous country in africa with a population of about 162 million the world bank, 2012. This research study investigates the causes and effects of graduate unemployment on the nigerian economy in nigeria. Trends of ruralurban migration in nigeria isah mohammed abbass, phd department of political science, ahmadu bello university, zaria, nigeria abstract given the tremendous explosions of urban settlements and the decadence of rural areas during the past two or three decades. D department of geography university of ibadan nigeria abstract urbanization is on the increase globally, as more and more people are migrating from rural to urban spaces. Trends of ruralurban migration in nigeria isah mohammed abbass, phd department of political science, ahmadu bello university, zaria, nigeria abstract given the tremendous explosions of urban settlements and the decadence of rural. Today, more people live in cities than in rural areas, and urbanization.
Urbanisation, ruralurban migration and urban poverty pubs. Urban expansion in nigeria will rise by 35% between 2018. Effects of rural urban migration on labour supply in cocoa production in ondo east local government area of ondo state a. Most of the urban growth is projected to take place in small and. The fact that relocation involves movement facilitated by transportation systems andor networks is an indication of the significance of effective transportation systemconnectivity in rural urban migration. Ruralurban migration, source region, consequences, ughievwen, delta. Rural neglects brings negative consequences such as exodus of rural dwellers to urban areas, with resulting problems of unemployment, crimes, prostitution, child labour, insecurity, money laundering, bribery, poverty, proliferation of shanty living areas, spread of diseases, and. Research paper urban migration by youths on agricultural. Perception of ruralurban migration in selected rural.
Obligatory and unplanned migration often results in the rapid growth of slums. Implication for planning and lowincome housing delivery in lagos, nigeria. A case study of egor local government area of edo state includes abstract and chapter one, complete project material available the causes and effects of ruralurban migration. February edition trends of ruralurban migration in nigeria isah mohammed abbass 0 0 department of political science, ahmadu bello university, zaria, nigeria given the tremendous explosions of urban settlements and the decadence of rural areas during the past two or three decades, the myth, reality and hope of a sustainable human settlement. The rural urban divide is a challenge in nigeria as it is in countries across the world. Ruralurbanmigration and agricultural development in nigeria.
Rural urban migration and urban unemployment in nigeria. Rural urban migration of the nigerian work populace and climate change effects on food supply. One of the consequences of rural urban migration is shortage of agricultural production white, 2000. The general migration from rural to urban areas, combined with overall population growth, will. June 29, 20 by annisesiaw in push and pull factors.